UREA

The NMF ingredient, that is natural skin moistening factor, is responsible for its proper hydration. It exfoliates horny layers of the epidermis , increases permeability of horny layer which makes the penetration of biologically active substances easier. It softens and makes the skin more elastic.

Urea is created in the final stage of proteins metabolism. It is a completely natural substance eliminated from the organism not only in the form of urine, but also sudor. Urea used in the cosmetic industry is of synthetic origin. As an NMF ingredient (natural moistening factor) it is responsible for a proper level of skin moistening. Owing to urea the skin does not exfoliate and it is not dried, maintaining appropriate protective properties.

It is an ideal ingredient for cosmetics designed to both problematic skin (acne, dandruff, striae of the skin) and dried complexion. Urea, as a strongly hygroscopic substance, successfully binds water in the skin and prevents it against evaporation. Depending on the concentration it shows different properties:

• 2% - it influences faster division of cells in the skin granular layer and its regeneration.

• 5-10% - it treats psoriases and dermatoses.

• 10% - used in cosmetics for acne-prone complexion; it makes exfoliation easier and increases permeability of horny layer for other active substances, it shows antibacterial properties.

Due to the fact that urea is quickly hydrolyzed, one should use stabilizing substances e.g. milk acid.